Ferdinand Augustin Hallerstein Scientist
Ferdinand Augustin Haller von Hallerstein (Slovene: Ferdinand Avguštin Haller von Hallerstein, also known as August Allerstein, simplified Chinese: 刘松龄; traditional Chinese: 劉松齡; pinyin: Liu Song ling (27 August 1703 – 29 October 1774), Jesuit missionary in China and Chinese astronomer from Carniola (then Habsburg Monarchy, now Slovenia), who spent 35 years at the Emperor Qianlong court as the Head of the Imperial Astronomical Bureau and Board of Mathematics and created an armillary sphere with rotating rings at the Beijing observatory; the Chinese first demographer who precisely calculated the exact number of Chinese population of the time (198,214,553). He also participated in Chinese cartography, being missionary, “cultural ambassador” and mandarin between the years 1739 -1774.